Techno‐economic‐environmental analysis of a smart multi‐energy grid utilising geothermal energy storage for meeting heat demand

This study presents an evaluation framework for the techno-economic-environmental (TEE) performance of integrated multi-vector energy networks (IMVENs) including geothermal energy. Geothermal storage (GES) offers huge potential both and supply can play a critical role in decarbonising heat load smart multi-energy grids. The two most common types GES, that is, high-temperature GES (HTGES) low-temperature (LTGES), were modelled within framework. evaluates impact different low carbon sources HTGES, LTGES, wind Photovoltaics (PV) on amount imported from upstream, operational costs emissions IMVENs to meet region. performs TEE analysis any configuration IMVEN representing future system pathways provide basis well-informed design choices decarbonise heat. was tested real-world case study, several configurations designed analysed. results reveal efficient, cost effective least carbon-intensive meeting are benefitting high penetration pumps respectively.